ASP, PHP,JSP & Databases (Active Server Pages, Hypertext Preprocessor, Java Server Pages) are HTML or XHTML based web pages that implement a scripting language such as VisualBasicScript (Microsoft Language) PHP or JSP as a means of accessing database information or utilizing functions that are built into the hosting server. Scripting languages are used for ecommerce sites, data driven web portals, web based applications and any time an advanced server function is needed. The type of database that is used for these applications depends on the needs of the site owner. If your site is hosted on a Windows server, Microsoft Access can be used for many general purpose and low traffic sites or MS SQL for medium to very large, high traffic sites. Applications for Unix or Linux server environments utilize MySQL or PostGreSQL databases for small to large data driven sites and Oracle or DB2 for very large Enterprise server applications. Unless you are hosting your site on a personal server you won't need to buy your own database server. Usually the database type is determined by the hosting service that one chooses to host their site. So, as you can see, choosing a web programmer, hosting service and database type can be a complicated balancing act. Most often the scripting language, database and host are determined based on the needs of the client and the experience and skills of the developer .  
 
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